Firearm



E. G. REISING.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED .IAN. Il 191B.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE G. EEIsING, or EAs'TAHAETroED, CONNECTICUT, AssIGNoR To THE HART-rom) MACHINE GUN COMPANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION FCONNECTICUT. 1

Specification of Letters Patent.

'EIREAEM Patented June '7, 1921.

Appuatiu sled January 11, 191s. serial No. 211,347.

To -all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EUGENE G. REISING,

' a citizen'offthe United States, residing at following is aspecification.

My inventioln relates more especially that class of irear-ms that are ofautomatlc action, that is, firearms in which the breechbolt action iscaused by gases of exploslon, and an y object of my invention, amongothers, is to provide a firearm that shall be particularly eiicient inits operation and littleliable 'toi become inoperative in action.

One form of such a device embodying my invention and in the constructionand use of which the objects herein Vset out, as well as others, may beattained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure1 is a view partially in side elevation and partially in section of a`firearm embodying my invention, the breech-bolt being shown in itsrearward position.

Fig. 2'is a detail view, scale enlarged, of

a portion of my improved firearm with parts l nbroken away to show theconstruction .and

operation of the breech-bolt lock and scar, the breech-bolt being shownin itsfofrward position. l

Fig. 3 is a detail view,'scale enlarged,1n cross section, through thedevice on plane denoted by dotted line 3%-3 of Fig. 2.

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 5 indicates the receiver of myilmproved firearm, comprising a portion of the frame, the latterembodying a handle 6 with a trigger guard 7. A barrel 8 is secured tothe receiver in any desired manner andya case 9 is secured underneaththe barrel and incloses operative parts of the' firearm, which parts mayinclude an actuating block 10 having a piston 11 operated by pressurethrough a port 12 opening laterally from the bore of the barrel towardits muzzle end and communicating. with a piston chamber 13 located in agas-head 14 secured to the barrel, the pressure of the exploding gasesupon the piston being controlled by a valve 15 secured to the block 10and controlling the exhaust through the port 12. My inventlon herein'illustrated and described, while not limited in its use to any specifictype of firearms, is especially applicable to the firearm illustratedand described in myA copending application Serial Number 104,878, filedlJune 21st, 1916, to which appl1cat1on reference is hereby made for suchfurther understanding as may be desired of the construction andoperation of those parts not embodying the invention forming the subjectmatter of this application.

An action rod 16 is pivotally attached at one end tol the block 10 andvat its opposite end to an actlon bar 17, said bar being pivotallysecured to a breech-bolt retaining lever or primary locking member 18pivotally mounted in the lower end of a breechbolt chamber 19 inthereceiver. The 'outer end of said lever is forked, the branches 20 ofsaid fork being adapted to enter recesses 21 formed in opposite sides ofa breech-bolt 22, near the rear end of said bolt. The ends 24 of thelever are formed and adapted to rest against breech-bolt retainingshoulders 25 formed at the lower Vfront edge of the recesses 21, theseshoulders being dlagonally arranged lto correspond to the diagonalposition of the ends 24 of the retainlng lever 18 when the latter is in,its forward position, and as shown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawings.

The breech-bolt 22 is suitably mounted for reciprocating movement in thechamber 19, said bolt, in its forward position, encountering cartridges2-6 located in a carrier belt 27 supported on'feed wheels 28-29 ro| saidaction bar and action rod. In order -that the pressure upon thebreech-bolt shall not. be transmitted unduly, by reason ofthe diagonallyarranged shoulders engaging the p ldiagonally positioned end of thelever, to thewalls of the receiver at the upper part thereof, I haveprovidedfmeans for supporting the breech-bolt at the time this pressuretakes place.

In effecting this result provide Ia resist-L ance block 3l that isinserted ina .recess 32 in the top wall ofthe chamber 19 in the rethe'bottom surface ofl said block to receive a resistance bar orsecondarylocking membery 35 that is carried by the breech-'bolt 22.

In the preferred form of construction this bar has actuating pins 36projecting through holesA in the breech-bolt and opening out at theshoulders 25.y The bar is located in a slot 37 cut across the top of thebreechf bolt, and the pins'36 are of lengths sufficient to projectbeyond the surfaces of the shoulders 25 when the bar isseated in thebottom of its slot. I The ends of the pins are preferably rounded, andwhen-the lever 18 is in its forward position it will act upon said pinsand force the bar 35 into Vthe retaining notch 34. A retaining barreleasing plunger 38 is located inta well 39 in the top of the receiver,this well being closed in any suitable manner, as b .means of a plug 40, and a spring 41 is emp oyedto force the plunger against the bar 35'to disengageJ said bar from the notch 34 when the lever 18 is moved fromcontact with the pins 36 whenever the actionis operated by hand, but inactin automatically the' pressure of the breec -bolt against the barforces the latter against the inclined surface of the retaining notch34, this pressure being sufficient to disengage the bar from said notch.

A firing pin 42 is carried in the breechbolt andit has a shoulder: 43adapted to be engaged by a sear 44 pivotally mounted in the upper sideof the breech-bolt and spring pressed into position to engagesaid'shoulder, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. This sear has afinger 45 engaged within a recess 46 in the side of the resistance bar35.

A trigger 47 pivotally mounted in the frame and extending within thetrigger guard 7, has an action bar holding lip 48 adapted to engage aholding notch 49 in the action bar 17.

Inthe operation of the gun, the trigger taking effect whenever the gunis not'inaction.

The trigger being pulled the breech-bolt posiwill be released and willbe forced forward by the action ofthe main spring 51,. in which movementit will insert a cartridge l into the breech of the barrel ashereinbefore described. In this ,forward movement the shoulder 43 ontheV firing pin willy be engaged by the point 52 lof the scar andmomentarily arresteol.A

In this forward movement of the `breechbolt the lever 18 is also swungto its forward position andas `theends 24 of the llever move against theretaining shoulder 25 they engage the actuating pins 36 and force theresistance bar 35 into the retaining notch 34. This bar is 'now inposition to reslst kthrust u on the breech-bolt caused by the forces othe gases of explosion, this resistance being in a line substantiallylengthwise' ofthe frame, application ofv lateral force from such causesbeing substantially removed.

The recess 46, within which the finger 45 is located, is of asufiicientwidth to permit initial movement of the resistance bar 35without movement of the scar. At the termination of the `movement oftheresistance bar, however, the bottom ofv the recess will encounter thefinger 45 and the sear will be moved upwardly and' disengaged fro'mtheiringpin, andthe latter will be forced forward by its spring and therebycause a cartridge to be exploded, upon which the breech-bolt willbe'thrown to -its rearward position in -a manner hereinbefl-oredescribed.

From this it will be seen that'if pressure upon the trigger be retainedthe gun will continue to be fired so long as such pressure t exists.Upon the pressure on. the trigger be inglreleased, the action bar willbe caught in lts next 4rearward movement and the firing of the gun willthus cease with the parts in their rearward and open position ashereinbefore described.

. In accordance with the provisions of the patentl statutes, I havedescribed the prin'- ciples of operation of/my invention, together .withthe device which I now consider to represent the best embodimentthereof; but I desire to have it understood that the device shown isonly illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by othermeans.

I claimv 1. A firearm including a receiver and firing mechanism locatedtherein and including a movably mounted 'breech-bolt operative by thegases of explosion, means for locking the breech-bolt in its closedposition, separate locking means movably mounted to support thebreech-bolt and reduce results of 'the force applied to 'said lockingmeans by irin action, said supporting means being .l posit1oned by thebreech-bolt locln'ng means to transmit said force from the breech-boltto the receiver, and means for initially actuating one of said lockswithout actuating the breech-bolt.

- 2. Airearm including a receiver, a breech- `carried by thebreech-bolt, a pin projecting from said bar through the breech-bolt, and

a breech-bolt retaining lever mounted to engage said pin and move thebar into said notch.

4. A rearm including a receiver having a recess extending across the uper wall thereof, a resistance block locate within said recess and havinga retaining notch therein, a breech-bolt movably mounted in thereceiver,.means. for -,moving the breechbolt, and a resistance memberlcarried by the breech-boltto engage said notch and resist backwardmovement of the breech-bolt.

` 5. A firearm including a receiverhaving' a breech-bolt chamber thereinclosed onI one side and open on its opposite side and having a recesscutfacross its top wall, a resistance block movable into said recessfrom the side of the chamber and havin a retaining notch, a cover toclose said c amber and hold said block in place, a breech-bolt movablymounted in sald chamber, and a resistance member carried by thebreech-bolt to enter said notch to resist force applieds to thebreech-bolt.

6. A firearm including a receiver having a retaining notch in the wallthereof, a breech-bolt movably mounted in the receiver, a breech-boltactuating lever to engage said breech-bolt and hold it against backwardmovement, and a resistance member mounted in the breech-bolt and havinga pin to be engaged by said lever when the breechbolt is in its forwardposition'and to force said resistance member into the retaining notch.

7 A firearm including a receiver having a retaining notch therein, abreech-bolt movably m'o'unted in the receiver and having a diagonallyarranged Shoulder, a breech-bolt retaining lever pivotally mounted toengage said shoulder and hold the breech-bolt in its forward position,and a resistance member carried by the breech-bolt and having a pinprojecting out at the surface of said diagonally arranged shoulder to beengaged by said lever.

8. Arearm including a receiver, a breechbolt movably mounted therein,lairing pin carried by the breech-bolt, a movably mounted sear adapted toengage the firing pin, means for operating the sear, means including anaction bar for actuating the breech-bolt, and a trigger to engage saidaction bar and hold the breech-bolt in its rearward position.

9. Afirearm includinga receiver,a breechbolt movably mounted 1n thereceiver, a iiring pin carried by the breech-bolt, a sear movablymounted von the breech-bolt tovengage said tiring pin, a resistancemember movably carried on the breech-bolt and having a recess to receivea projection from the sear, means for operating the resistance member,land means for controlling the movement of the breech-bolt.v

10. A firearm including a receiver, a breech-bolt movably mounted in thereceiver, a firing pin carried by the breechbolt, a sear movably mountedon the breechbolt, a resistance member movably mounted on thebreech-bolt and having a recess to receive a projection from the sear,means for operating the resistance member, and a trigger mounted tocontrol operation ofthe meansjfor/operating the resistance member.#jfl-1513A firearm including -a receiver, a bre/ch-bolt movably mountedtherein, a ring pin carried by the-breech-bolt, a scar mounted on thelbreech-bolt to engage said firing pin, a resistance member ,movablymounted on Tthe breech-bolt and having a recess to receive=a projectionfrom said sear, means for operating the breech-bolt and including alever to engage said resistance member, and a trigger to engage saidbreechbolt operating means to control the movement thereof.

12. A'iring mechanism for a irearn, said mechanism including a movablyvmounted breech-bolt operated by the ases of explosion, a lock movablym'ounteupbn and carried by the breech-bolt to hold it in its closedpositiona member pivotally mounted and pperatively connected with saidlock to' retaln it in its closed position, and an.- action boltincluding a member pivotally Imounted 10 and operatively connected withthe first mentioned lock to retain it in .its closed position, and .anaction-bar connected to operate said pivotally mounted member, saidaction bar being operated by the gases of 15 explosion.

EUGENE G. REIsING.

